geraldarmstrong48:
003 Umayyad Caliphate, al-Basra: Abd al-Malik (705-715 A.D.)
geraldarmstrong48:
004 Abbasid Caliphate, Madinat al-Salam (Baghdad): al-Qahir (932-934 A.D.)
geraldarmstrong48:
005 Abbasid Caliphate, Harran: al-Radi (934-940 A.D.)
geraldarmstrong48:
006 Abbasid Caliphate, Madinat al-Salam (Baghdad): al-Radi (934-940 A.D.)
geraldarmstrong48:
007 Zengid Atabegs of Sinjar: Qutb al-Din Muhammad (1197-1219 A.D.)
geraldarmstrong48:
008 Artuqid Atabegs of Mardin: Nasir al-Din Artuq Arslan ibn Il-Ghazi (AH 597 - 637 = 1201-1239 A.D.)
geraldarmstrong48:
009 Artuqid Atabegs of Mardin: Nasir al-Din Artuq Arslan ibn Il-Ghazi (AH 597 - 637 = 1201-1239 A.D.)
geraldarmstrong48:
010 OTTOMAN Empire: Mahmud II (AH 1223-1255 / AD 1808-1839)
geraldarmstrong48:
001 SB 0834-1 ARAB-BYZANTINE: Early Caliphate. (610-641 AD)
geraldarmstrong48:
002 SB 0810-1 ARAB-BYZANTINE: Early Caliphate. (610-641 AD)
geraldarmstrong48:
011 SELJUK EMPIRE: Kai Khusro II 1236 – 1245 AD